fig6

Figure 6. Conceptual application demonstration of the ice-activated hydrogel suction cups for gripping and manipulation. (A) The ice-activated hydrogel suction cup lifting various objects; (B) The ice-activated hydrogel suction cup arrays lifting various objects with crack and hole substates; (C) Demonstration of the adhesion devices with ice-activated hydrogel suction cups; (D) Conceptual application demonstration of the ice-activated hydrogel suction cups for biological materials manipulation. The fish and meat samples shown in the figures were commercially purchased from a local market and were used only as non-living food samples for adhesion demonstrations. No live animals or animal experiments were involved. The elements in Figure 6 were photographed by the authors.