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From: Flexible circuits engineered for complex and extreme environments

Figure 10. Self-assembly techniques for molecular design, structural construction, and functional integration of flexible electronic materials. (A) Various cellulose-based functional materials derived from the molecular-scale design and structural optimization^[179]; (B) Schematic illustration of hierarchical structure of cellulose and molecular design strategies for the construction of functional materials^[179]; (C) Schematic, mechanism, and characterization of the tension gradient-electrostatic attraction-induced silver colloidal nanoparticle self-assembly strategy^[177]; (D) Demonstration and characterization of the nanoparticle microelectronics^[177]. PDDA: Poly(dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride); LED: light-emitting diode.