fig3

Figure 3. RS mechanisms. (A) ECM with a fast-ion conductor as the switching layer^[30]; (B) ECM with a metal oxide as the switching layer^[30]; (C) TS^[30]; (D) VCM^[30]; (E) TCM^[30]; (F) Electronic transport mechanism. Reproduced with permission^[30]. Copyright 2017, WILEY-VCH. RS: Resistive switching; ECM: electrochemical metallization; TS: threshold switching; VCM: valence-change mechanism; TCM: thermochemical mechanism; HRS: high-resistance state; LRS: low-resistance state.