fig8

From: Nanomedicine-enabled ultrasound immunotherapy: from immunogenic cell death to systemic immune activation

Figure 8. The cancer-immunity cycle with stimulatory and inhibitory factors. Green text denotes stimulatory factors for T cells; red text denotes inhibitory factors. Reproduced with permission^[114]. Copyright 2023, Immunity. TCR-pMHC: PD-1: programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: programmed death-ligand 1; DAMP: damage-associated molecular pattern; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; CCL: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand; LFA-1: lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; ICAM1: intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1; IFN: interferon; TME: tumor microenvironment; MDMC: monocyte-derived immune cell; TLS: tertiary lymphoid structure; CTLA: cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein; TGF: transforming growth factor; TREM2: triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2; VSIG4: V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 4; ICD: immunogenic cell death; TAA: tumor-associated antigen; ERV: endogenous retrovirus; TLR: toll-like receptor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; Lair-1: leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1; b2M: beta-2 microglobulin; LAG-3: lymphocyte-activation gene 3; TIM-3: T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3; TIGIT: T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; Siglec-F: sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin F; APC: antigen-presenting cell; PGE2: prostaglandin E2.