fig5

Figure 5. Graphic illustration of the sonodynamic-ionicimmunotherapy mechanism. Reproduced with permission^[119]. Copyright 2023, Nano Today. Abbreviations: TCPP: tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin; TPP: tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin; STING: stimulator of interferon genes; cGAMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate; IFN: interferon; IFNAR: interferon-alpha/beta receptor; CD8⁺: cluster of differentiation 8 (positive); ROS: reactive oxygen species; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; cGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; TCR: T cell receptor; MHC: major histocompatibility complex.