fig3
Figure 3. Three non-mutually exclusive hypotheses linking gut virome dysbiosis to IBD pathogenesis. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid; ROS: reactive oxygen species; PRR: pattern recognition receptor; TLR: toll-like receptor; MDA5: melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; IFN: interferon; Treg: T-cell; Teff: effector T-cell; Th1: T helper 1; Th17: T helper 17.
