fig3

Figure 3. Lachnospiraceae strains differentially modulate host metabolite profiles in IBS mice. (A) SCFAs produced by the four Lachnospiraceae strains and their mixture; (B) SCFAs in cecal contents; (C-F) Metabolites related to tryptophan-serotonin pathway in ileal contents: 5-HT, Trp, kynurenine (KYN), and the KYN/Trp ratio; (G) Quinolinic acid in ileal contents; (H-J) Metabolites related to GABA/Glu pathway in ileal contents: GABA, glutamate, and trimethylamine N-oxide; (K-N) BAs in ileal contents: DCA, LCA, UDCA, and TUDCA; (O-Q) BAs functional indices: (UDCA+TUDCA)/(LCA+DCA), DCA/CA, and LCA/CDCA ratios. (R) Histamine in ileal contents. Note: Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences among groups (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post hoc test, P < 0.05). 5-HT: Serotonin; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; Trp: tryptophan; TUDCA: tauroursodeoxycholic acid; UDCA: ursodeoxycholic acid; DCA: deoxycholic acid; LCA: lithocholic acid; CA: cholic acid; CDCA: chenodeoxycholic acid; SCFA: short chain fatty acid; BA: bile acid; SEM: standard error of the mean; ANOVA: analysis of variance; HSD: honest significant difference.