fig4
Figure 4. Effect of Muno-IgY® treatment on ammonium concentration in SHIME® reactors. Ammonium levels were measured on days 1, 3, 5, and 8 of treatment. IgY supplementation significantly increased ammonium concentration by day 8 compared with control reactors, suggesting enhanced proteolytic fermentation or microbial degradation of IgY (n =1). IgY: Immunoglobulin Y.
