fig11

Figure 11. Concept and demonstration of a multi-material Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-Cu orthopaedic implant designed to integrate the mechanical reliability of Ti-6Al-4V with the antimicrobial and enhanced biological performance of Ti-Cu alloys. (A) Schematic illustration of the manufacturing strategy: a Ti-6Al-4V core is combined with a Ti-Cu region, enabling lattice or porous surface structures that support osteoblast attachment and osseointegration, while inhibiting bacterial colonization. Created in BioRender. Rabbitt, D. (2026) https://BioRender.com/hpldgqm. (B) Cross-sectional SEM micrograph of a bulk Ti-3Cu/Ti-6Al-4V multi-material interface with the build direction orientated vertically up, demonstrating metallurgical bonding and structural continuity between the two alloys. (C) CAD rendering of an orthopaedic oncology collar implant concept featuring a bulk structure and lattice surface to promote osseointegration.