fig19

Figure 19. Atomic structure of columnar grain system of (A and D) Zn, (B and E) Mg and (C and F) Be, respectively, corresponding to the peak (A-C) and stable stress (D and E) stages, where the applied strains of A2, B2 and C2 are 7.0%, 6.0% and 6.5%, and A4, B4 and C4 are 19.0%, 18.1% and 19.0%, respectively, at the strain rate of 1 × 10¹⁰ s^-1. The red, green, blue and white atoms represent HCP, FCC, BCC and other structures, respectively. HCP: Hexagonal close-packed; FCC: face-centered cubic; BCC: body-centered cubic; TB: twin boundary.