fig3

Figure 3. Blood-borne propagation of mitochondrial stress signals from the heart to peripheral organs. (Created in BioRender. Shila TA (2026) https://BioRender.com/94twtl3). mitoEVs: Mitochondrial extracellular vesicles; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; FGF21: fibroblast growth factor 21; GDF15: growth differentiation factor 15.