fig1

Figure 1. Approved and Emerging Pharmacological Therapies for MASLD/MASH. Resmetirom and semaglutide are approved for MASH with F2-F3 fibrosis, whereas tirzepatide is approved for T2D and obesity but not for MASH. Other therapies shown remain under clinical development or are used off-label for MASLD/MASH. Disease stages represent a conceptual spectrum and do not imply inevitable progression. MASLD: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MASH: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; T2D: type 2 diabetes; CKD: chronic kidney disease; HF: heart failure; THR-β: thyroid hormone receptor β; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; GIP: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; FGF21: fibroblast growth factor 21; SGLT2: sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; NAS: NAFLD activity score.