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From: Galacto-oligosaccharides alone and combined with lactoferrin impact the Kenyan infant gut microbiota and epithelial barrier integrity during iron supplementation in vitro

Galacto-oligosaccharides alone and combined with lactoferrin impact the Kenyan infant gut microbiota and epithelial barrier integrity during iron supplementation <i>in vitro</i>

Figure 3. Quantification of beneficial and potential pathogenic taxa before and after treatment with iron, GOS, and bLF in PolyFermS. Mean ± SD of log₁₀ bacteria/mL effluent is shown for the last three days of stabilization (STAB) and the last three days of treatment (TREAT) of (A) two experimental periods of donor microbiota 4 and (B) three experimental periods of donor microbiota 5. Significant differences between STAB and TREAT in the corresponding periods are indicated. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01. Enterobacteriaceae and C. difficile were also detected in donor 5 [Supplementary Figure 5]. GOS: Galacto-oligosaccharides; bLF: bovine lactoferrin.