fig2

Figure 2. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of pristine BiFeO₃ and multi-field-assisted BiFeO₃ photocatalysts: (A) H₂ evolution rates of pristine BiFeO₃ under light irradiation (BFO-L) and Pt-doped BiFeO₃ under different combinations of light irradiation (L), magnetic field (M), electric polarization (P), and ultrasonic vibration (U), measured in pure H₂O and H₂O/MeOH solutions; (B) AQYs at 420 nm of different multi-field-assisted photocatalytic systems under H₂O and H₂O/MeOH solutions; (C) Cycling stability of photocatalytic H₂ evolution under light irradiation in pure H₂O without external field; (D) Cycling stability of photocatalytic H₂ evolution under light irradiation in H₂O/MeOH solution without external field. The different colored segments represent independent hydrogen production cycles. After each 5-hour irradiation, the reaction system was evacuated and purged with gas before starting the next cycle. AQYs: Apparent quantum yields.