fig4

Figure 4. Linear regressions of FrTD_β2M on potential determinants. Scatter diagrams present data from diabetics (DM, blue) and non-diabetic controls (CTRL, orange). The graphs plot FrTD_β2M against (A) E_Cd/C_cr, (B) F_β2M, (C) [β₂M]_s, (D) TD_β2M/C_cr, and (E) eGFR. Inverse relationships are evident in both groups in (A). In (B), a weak direct relationship is evident in DM, and no relationship is evident in CTRL. That pattern is repeated in (C) and (D). Direct relationships are evident in both groups in (E). Cd: Cadmium; cr: creatinine; β₂M: β₂-microglobulin; FrTD_β2M: fractional tubular degradation of filtered β₂M; DM: group with diabetes mellitus; CTRL: control group without diabetes; E_Cd/C_cr: amount of Cd excreted per volume of glomerular filtrate; F_β2M: rate of glomerular filtration of β₂M; [β₂M]_s: serum concentration of β₂M; TD_β2M/C_cr: amount of β₂M undergoing tubular degradation per volume of glomerular filtrate; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.