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Figure 2. Heterogated biphasic-gel iontronics with selective ionic transmission and promising ion-selective neuromorphic functional applications. (A) Heterogated biphasic-gel iontronics employ cascaded interfacial energy barriers to establish hierarchical ion-transport pathways, achieving species-dependent ionic responses and selective transmission; (B) Ion-selective and time-dependent transport produces neuromorphic ionic behaviors, including species-dependent hysteresis and excitatory-post-synaptic-current-like (EPSC-like) responses that would integrate short-term and long-term dynamics through different ionic carriers; (C) Prospective applications of heterointerfacial iontronics within ion-selective neuromorphic processors for low-energy neuromorphic sensing and computation.