fig5
Figure 5. Strategies to engineer the lumen of BEVs. (A) Exogenous loading of cargos by physical forces (electroporation, ultrasonication and extrusion), passive diffusion, or cholesterol modification into BEVs lumen; (B) Endogenous loading of antigens into the BEVs lumen through genetic engineering strategy. BEVs: Bacterial extracellular vesicles; siRNA: small interfering RNA; OmpA: outer membrane protein A.
