fig7

Figure 7. Representative applications of PENG-based neuromodulation for Parkinson's disease. (A) Recovery of degenerating midbrain dopaminergic neurons mediated by ultrasound-driven C@BT piezoelectric nanoparticles, adapted with permission from Ref.^[169]. Copyright © 2020 Wiley-VCH. (B) Representative design and subcortical implantation of an implantable piezoelectric ultrasound stimulator (ImPULS) for wireless deep-brain activation, adapted from Ref.^[170] under CC BY 4.0 license. (C) Specific targeting of dopaminergic neurons using piezoelectric magnetic Janus microparticles (PEMPs) and Immunofluorescence image of neurons, adapted from Ref.^[97], under CC BY 4.0 license.