fig14

Figure 14. (A) Adsorption strategies of COFs toward low-molecular-weight biomolecules (amino acids) and adsorption of larger biomolecules (proteins); (B) Synthesis of Py-BPy–COF and transformation of Py-BPy–COF to the cationic Py-BPy²⁺–COF; TEM characterization of (C) Py-BPy−COF and (D) Py-BPy²⁺−COF; Selective protein separation using Py-BPy²⁺−COF, (E) HPLC curves, and (F) SDS-PAGE analysis of protein selectivity assay. (A-F) are reprinted with permission from Ref.^[119], Copyright © 2021 by American Chemical Society. COFs: Covalent organic frameworks; Py: pyrene; BPy: 2,2′-bipyridine; TEM: transmission electron microscope; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.