fig1

Figure 1. Quantification of gene mutation levels in the urine of patients with HCC before and after operation. The number of mutant copies detected was normalized to a constant number of calculated GEQ of wild-type DNA across all samples to yield a concentration of mutant fragments. (A) Mutant TP53 (c.747G>T); (B) CTNNB1 (c.133T>C); (C) CTNNB1 (c.121A>G); and (D) TERT (c.1-124C>T) copies per 100,000 GEQ dropped dramatically after surgery. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; GEQ: genome equivalents.